The basic working principle of RFID technology is not complicated: after the tag enters the reader, it receives the radio frequency signal sent by the reader, and transmits the product information (Passive Tag, passive tag or passive tag) stored in the chip with the energy obtained by the induced current. ), or the tag actively sends a signal of a certain frequency (Active Tag, active tag or active tag), the reader reads and decodes the information, and sends it to the central information system for related data processing.
A complete RFID system is composed of three parts: reader and electronic tag, also known as transponder and application software system. Its working principle is that the reader (Reader) emits radio wave energy of a specific frequency to use The drive circuit sends the internal data, and the Reader then receives and decodes the data in sequence and sends it to the application for corresponding processing.
In terms of the communication and energy sensing methods between the RFID card reader and the electronic tag, it can be roughly divided into two types: inductive coupling and backscattering coupling. Generally, low-frequency RFID mostly adopts the first method, while higher-frequency RFID mostly adopts the second method.
The reader can be a read or read/write device according to the structure and technology used, and is the information control and processing center of the RFID system. The reader usually consists of a coupling module, a transceiver module, a control module and an interface unit. Half-duplex communication is generally used to exchange information between the reader and the tag, and the reader provides energy and timing to passive tags through coupling. In practical applications, management functions such as collection, processing and remote transmission of object identification information can be further realized through Ethernet or WLAN.